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.
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No
.
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UH and VFSM Input
Source Area (UH) - Step 1: UH - Rainfall / Storm Type / Rainfall Estimation
Overland Flow Inputs (.inp)
Rainfall:
mm
Storm Duration
hour
Storm Type I
Storm Type IA
Storm Type II
Storm Type III
Storm R factor in MUSLE
William's
CREAMS/GLEAMS
Storm Type
Storm type I
Storm type IA
Storm type II
Storm type III
Source Area (UH) - Step 2: UH - Source Area / Erosion
Overland Flow Inputs (.inp)
Curve Number
Length along the slope
m
Slope as a fraction
Source Area
ha
C Factor
K Factor
(-1 for program calc.)
(kg*h)/(m
2
*N)
P Factor
USLE P Factor
Land Slope(%)
Contour Factor
Maximum Length m(ft)
1-2
122(400)
3-5
91(300)
6-8
61(200)
9-12
36(120)
13-16
24(80)
17-20
18(60)
21-25
15(50)
Slope
(%)
Conservation Practices factor
Contour
Contour
irrigation line
Terrace
2-7
8-12
13-18
19-24
G
indicates these data could be retrieved from STATSGO Map interface.
Soil Type
G
Clay
Silty clay
Sandy clay
Silty clay loam
Clay loam
Sandy clay loam
Silt
Silt loam
Loam
Very fine sandy loam
Fine sandy loam
Sandy loam
Coarse sandy loam
Loamy very fine sand
Loamy fine sandy
Loamy sand
Loamy coarse sand
Very fine sandy
Fine sand
Sand
Coarse sand
Field capacity
G
(m
3
/m
3
)
Particle Class Diameter
G
(cm)
Percent organic matter
%
Soil Texture (USDA)
Expected
d
p
Soil Texture (USDA)
Expected
d
p
HI
- Clay
0.0000 - 0.0045
HI
- Sandy loam
0.0035 - 0.0160
HI
- Silty clay
0.0002 - 0.0045
HI
- Coarse sand
HI
- Sandy clay
0.0002 - 0.0130
HI
- Coarse sandy loam
HI
- Silty clay loam
0.0030 - 0.0046
HI
- Loamy very fine sand
HI
- Clay loam
0.0005 - 0.0030
HI
- Loamy fine sandy
HI
- Sandy clay loam
0.0021 - 0.0160
HI
- Loamy sand
0.0090 - 0.0180
HI
- Silt
0.0008 - 0.0030
HI
- Loamy coarse sand
HI
- Silt loam
0.0003 - 0.0050
HI
- Very fine sandy
HI
- Loam
0.0009 - 0.0060
HI
- Fine sand
HI
- Very fine sandy loam
HI
- Sand
0.0140 - 0.0200
HI
- Fine sandy loam
Filter Strip (VFSM) Step 1: VFSM - Buffer Dimensions / Vegetation Properties
Overland Flow Inputs (.ikw)
Buffer length
m
Width of the Strip, FWIDTH
m
% of flow spread
= (FWidth / SWidth)
%
Manning's n for uniform VFS segment
(s/m
-1/3
) ,
Average slope (%) of VFS
(%), if not
Buffer Vegetation Prop. (.igr)
Spacing for grass stems, SS
cm
Roughness - Grass Manning's n, VN
s/cm
(1/3)
Vegetation (good stand)
a
Grass spacing
S
s
(cm)
Maximum
height, H (cm)
Modified
n
VN
::: Vegetation typically recommended for VFS :::
1.9
--
--
1.63
38
0.012
1.65
25
0.012
1.63
18
0.012
1.65
30
--
1.35
25
0.016
--
20
0.012
1.35
15
0.016
1.65
20
0.012
2.15
18
0.012
1.5
13
0.012
::: Vegetation
NOT
recommended for VFS :::
3.02
35
0.0084
3.92
40
0.084
5.52
13
0.0084
9.52
--
0.0084
Height of grass, H
cm
Roughness - Bare surface Manning's n, VN2
s/m
(1/3)
Cover
Manning's
n range (recommended), VN2
Avg. Manning's n
0.01-0.013
0.011
0.012-0.033
0.02
0.006-0.16
0.05
0.01-0.32
0.13
0.02-0.24
0.10
0.39-0.63
0.45
0.10-0.20
0.15
0.17-0.30
0.24
0.30-0.48
0.41
Feedback the change in the slope and roughness at the sediment wedge, ICO
Number of Nodes in Solution Domain, N
Time Weight Factor, THETAW
Courant Number, CR
Maximum Iterations, MAXITER
Number of Element Nodal Points NPOL
Output Element Information, IELOUT
Petrov-Galerkin Soultion/Regular Finite Element, KPG
Filter Strip (VFSM) Step 2: VFSM - Soil Parameters / Water Table
Incoming Sed. Prop. (.isd)
Incoming flow sediment (g/cm
3
- CI)
Porosity
(m
3
/m
3
)
Incoming sediment particle class (NPART)
Small aggregate, d50(cm) 0.0030
Large aggregate, d50(cm) 0.0300
Clay, d50 (cm)< 0.0002
Silt(1), 0.0002 < d50 (cm) < 0.0050
Sand, 0.0050 < d50 (cm) < 0.20
Silt(2), 0.0002 < d50 (cm) < 0.0050
User selected
Portion of COARSE Particles in incoming sediment (0 ~ 1)
Sediment particle size, diameter d50 (cm) - DP
Sediment Particle Density (g/cm
3
)
Infiltration - Soil Prop. (.iso)
- Soil Prop. of 1st and 2nd Layers
1st Layer
2nd Layer
- First Soil Layer Depth : 0 (cm) ~
(cm) - Second Soil Layer Depth :
(cm) ~
(cm)
Vertical Saturated K
s
, VKS
(m/s) or
(cm/h)
Average Suction
at the Wetting Front, Sav(m)
(m)
Initial Water Content, OI
m
3
/m
3
Saturated Water Content, OS
m
3
/m
3
Maximum Surface Storage,
SM
m
Fraction of the filter
where ponding is checked (0 ~ 1)
Vertical Saturated K
s
, VKS
(2nd Soil Layer)
(m/s) or
(cm/h)
Average Suction
at the Wetting Front, Sav(m)
(2nd Soil Layer)
(m)
Initial Water Content, OI
(2nd Soil Layer)
m
3
/m
3
Saturated Water Content, OS
(2nd Soil Layer)
m
3
/m
3
Do you have shallow water table data? If so, select
Yes, or
No
Water Table Depth from surface
m
::: Please select Soil Water Characteristic Curve option :::
van Genuchten
Brooks and Corey
(m
3
/m
3
)
VGALPHA,
1/m
VGN
VGM
(m
3
/m
3
)
BCALPHA,
1/m
BCLAMBDA
::: Please select Hydraulic Conductivity Curve option :::
van Genuchten
Brooks and Corey
Gardner
VGM
BCETA
BCALPHA
GNDALPHA,
1/m
Filter Strip (VFSM) Step 3: Rainfall / Incoming Hydrograph
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Filter Strip (VFSM) Step 4: VFSM - Water Quality
Do you want to simulate:
No Pesticide
Pesticide
Pesticide & degradation
No Pesticide Sim.
No pesticide simulation will be made
Pesticide Prop. (.iwq)
Pesticide
KOC :
OC :
KD :
Half-life :
% Clay content in incoming Sediment:
%
Do you want to simulate pesticide degradation between storm events? If so, select
Yes, or
No
Standard Design Step 1: Selection of UH / VFSM runs
Standard Design:::
UH
Run:
VFSM
Run:
VL: m
Standard Design Step 2: Design of Optimum Length of VFS
Standard Design
- Enter Design Storm Duration
(hr)
- Please select either
Design Storm Specific Values, or
Design Storm Range
Return Period, T (Years)
Design Storm
Specific Values (mm)
Start (mm)
End (mm)
Increment (mm)
Lower
Upper
Increment
Base (default VFS length)
Specify VFS Length (m)
Advanced Design Step 1: Selection of VFSM run
Advanced Design ::: Name of
VFSM
Run:
VL: m
Advanced Step 2: Design of Optimum Length of VFS
Advanced Design
Please click
button to add your storm data:
Lower
Upper
Increment
Base (default VFS length)
Specify VFS Length (m)
-----
(UH Ver. 3.0.2 + VFSM Ver. 4.2.4 (2014 - with Pesticide and Groundwater table components)
Terminology
UH - Rain/Storm
- Rainfall
: The amount of rainfall to be used in this Single storm run.
- Storm duration
: Depending on storm type and storm duration, yntehtic rainfall hyetographs will be generated and used in UH module.
- Storm R factor
: To estimate sediment yield, which will be used as an input to the VFSM, modified EI was suggested by many researchers.
William's Storm R
: further modificaton of Forster et al. (1982) to account of sediment yield for areas larger thanfield-scale.
CREAMS/GLEAMS
: EI
30
/ 100 = 7.87 * (V
R
)
1.51
where, EI
30
is in ft=ton/acre-in
- Storm Type
: SCS Unit Hydrograph theory is used to build runoff hydrograph. Rainfall hyetograph is generated from SCS storm type.
UH - Source Area/Erosion
- Curve Number(CN)
: This is a NRCS technique to estimate runoff from the field.
Tables for the curve numbers are available from numerous hydrology textbook and many model manuals. Here, CN tables for the agricultural fields are provided in DB query form.
- Length along the slope
: This is the length over the slope at Source area(Ag. field).
- Slope as a fraction
: This is the average slope of the source area.
e.g., 45 degree = 100% =
1.00
in fraction
.
- Source Area
: Area of source, such as agricultural field, which contribute runoff/sediment, and pesticide to the VFS.
- C Factor
: This is Cover management factor in the USLE. The USLE C factor is available for numerous crops and land covers. However, time-varient C should be used in single storm run.
The time-varient USLE C factors for 30 crops are available from the SATEEC 2.0 crop DB
.
- P Factor
: This is conservation practice factor in the USLE. More details are available in "Source Area (H) - Step 2: UH - Source Area / Erosion --- Ref. P factor".
- Soil Type
: Also known as Soil Texture. It is dependant on the % of sand, silty, and clay composition. Soil type affects infiltration, thus runoff and sediment as well as pesticide estimation.
- Field Capacity
: Field Capacity is the amount of soil moisture or water content held in the soil after excess water has drained away and the rate of downward movement has decreased. Default value for each soil type/soil texture is provided in many documents.
- Particle Class Diameter (dP, or d50)
: Particle Size Distribution D50 is also known as the median diameter or the medium value of the particle size distribution, it is the value of the particle diameter at 50% in the cumulative distribution.
- Percent organic matter
: OM(SOM) is Organic matter component of soil, consisting of plant and animal residues at various stages of decomposition, cells and tissues of soil organisms, and substances synthesized by soil organisms. This % OM is used in determine the USLE K factor. In GLEAMS model, the K is estimated by the equation below.
K = TF ( 12.0 - OM) + SF + PF
where K = soil erodibility factor, TF = texture factor, OM = percenage oraganic matter, PF = permeability factor.
VFSM - Buffer / Vegetation Prop.
- Buffer lengthe (VL)
: This is the length of the filter (VL in the figure below).
- Width of the Strip (FWidth)
: This is the width of the filter strip (FWidth in the figure below)
- % of flow conc.
: This is the ratio of width of actual inflow to the filter to the width of the filter adjacent to the ag. field. In model, the adjusted FWdith value, caluclated by multiplying the FWidth by % flow conc. is used.
- Spacing for grass stems, SS
: Spacing of the filter media element in filter strip.
- Roughness - Grass Manning's n, VN
: Filter media (grass) Manning's n
- Height of grass
: Filter media height in cm.
- Roughness - Bare surface Manning's n, VN2
: Bare surface Manning's n value for sediment innundated area and overland flow.
- Feedback the change in the slope and roughness at the sediment wedge, ICO
: This is a flag to feedback the change in slope and surface roughness at the sediment wedge for each time step.
VFSM - Soil Param. , Water Table
- Incoming flow sediment (g/cm
3
) - CI
: This is the concentration of incoming sediment inflow into the filter.
- Porosity (g/cm
3
: This is the porosity of deposited sediment. (in unit fraction, not %)
- Incoming sediment particle class (NPART)
: This is used to determine sediment particle size, diameter, d
50
- Portion of Particles from incoming sediment
: This is the fraction of particles from incoming sediment with diamater > 0.0037 cm. (Course fraction will be routed through sediment wedge).
- Sediment particle size, diamater d50 (cm) - DP
: Default value of each soil texture is provided. Use of d50 value from field experiment is strongly recommended.
- Sediment Particle Density, &gammma; (g/cm
3
)
: Sediment particle density is used when NPARA value of "User selected" option is chosen in the interface.
- Soil Properties of 1
st
and 2
nd
Layers
: Here users can specified soil properties from 1
st
and 2
nd
soil layers. But thickness-weighted average (TWA) soil properties are used in model runs.
- Vertical Saturated K
s
, VKS
: This is a Saturated hydraulic conductivity, K
s
This information is used in Green-Ampt infiltration.
- Average Suction at the Wetting Front, Sav(m)
: This is average suction at the wetting front in the Green-Ampt infiltration.
- Initial Water Content, OI
: This is the initial water content at the beginning of simulation.
- Saturated Soil-Water Content, OS
: This is water content at Saturation in Green-Ampt infiltration model.
- Maximum Surface Storage, SM
: Surface storage represents the amount of excess rainfall that must be filled at the surface (an average over the area considered) before runoff can begin.
- Fraction of the filter where ponding is checked
: This is a fairly insensitive parameter except for very sandy soils. It represents where along the filter the user wants for ponding at the beginning of the event to be checked for. The idea is that two different mechanisms can produce ponding in the filter during an Part II: VFSMOD and UH: User's Manual 86 event. One is rainfall excess derived from the infiltration capacity of the soil, but the other is a flood wave from the field moving into the filter. The model checks to see if such a wave is in the filter and the automatically switches infiltration to ponding, regardless of the infiltration capacity for that specific time. The question is where to check for (i.e., at the beginning of the filter or at the end) since you will stop your regular Green-Ampt infiltration calculation at that time. You can check for your particular application with 0, 0.5 and 1 values to see if you get any changes.
- Shallow water table
: Effects of shallow water table could be simualated with this version. When this option is turned on, the SAV and OI inputs from the previous will be ignored and calculated internally based on shallow water table conditions.
- Soil Water Characteristic Curve / Hydraulic Conductivity Curve options
: Fore more details of these parameters, please refer to the VFSMOD users's manaul - Pages from 111 ~ 115.
VFSM - Upload / Edit .IRO / .IRN
- Edit .IRO / .IRN Files
: Users can edit/enter .IRO /. IRN files on the web interface. Also, examples of .IRO / .IRN files are provided.
- Upload .IRO / .IRN Files
: User can upload their own .IRO / .IRN file to the server as an input to the VFSM model.
VFSM - Water Quality
- No Pesticide
: Only runoff/sediment reduction will be esimated without pesticide simulation.
- Pesticide
: Pesticide reduction could be simulated with minimum pesticide propeties.
- Pesticide Common Name
: Name assigned to the active ingredients of pesticides.
- Pesticide Trade Name
: The trade name is any brand name that is used exclusively by one manufacturer for a product containing the pesticide chemical.
- KOC
: percentage organic carbon in the soil.
- % Organic Carbon in the soil
:
- KD = KOC multiplied by %OC
: Sorption coefficicent.
- Half-life
: At reference values of temperature and water content (i.e. 20 ° C and field capaciy. This information is used in pesticde degradation.
- % Clay content in incoming Sediment
: This is used to calcualate pesticide removal efficiency. (Munoz-Carpena et al., 1999 and Poletika et al., 2009)
- Pesticide degradation
: This is to simulate degradation of the pesticide between storm events. Degradation subroutine to calculate degradation of sediment bonded and mixing layer residue at the end of the event towards the beginning of the next event. It uses FOCUS equations that need daily surface soil temperature and moisture for every day betwwen two consecutive runoff events. - Daily eair temperature (i.e. PRZM files or other source) can be used as mixing and surface soil moisture. Moisture content can be estimated based on running mass balance. - For additional details see EU AIM and SWAN reports
(http://abe.ufl.edu/carpena/vfsmod/FOCUSreports.shtml)
.
- Pesticide degradation rate formulation
: Threr are 4 pesticide degradation rate formulations available, depending on temperaure/soil moisture.
- Pesticide mass entering the filter per unit area of the source field
: This is the amount of pesticide mass entering the filter per unit area of the source field.
- Surface mixing layer thickness
: This is the surface mixing layer (SML) thickness in cm. SML of 2cm is recommended.
- Daily aire temperature and Top soil water content
:
- Field Capacity
: Field Capacity is the amount of soil moisture or water content held in the soil after excess water has drained away and the rate of downward movement has decreased. Default value for each soil type/soil texture is provided in many documents.
Standard Design
- Select UH Run for your Design scenario
: In the standard design, users can select pre-run UH scenario among scenarios in the list.
- Select VFSM Run for your Design scenario
: In the standard design, users can select pre-run VFSM scenario among scenarios in the list.
- Design Storm Specific Values
: Here, design storm (specific value or precipitation frequency data) values for return period (T) could be provided here.
- Design Storm Ranges
: Here, Ranges of storm events with constant increment could be provided here.
- Specify VFS Length
: Here, ranges of VFS length could be provided here with Lower/Upper/Increment values.
If these are not specified, Base value (default VFS length) would be used.
Advanced Design
- Select VFSM Run for your Design scenario
: In the standard design, users can select pre-run VFSM scenario among scenarios in the list.
- Add Storm data
: Instead of selecting pre-run UH project/scenario, users can upload .IRO / .IRN / .ISD files to the server.
- Specify VFS Length
: Here, ranges of VFS length could be provided here with Lower/Upper/Increment values.
If these are not specified, Base value (default VFS length) would be used.
Model Input/Output
Select Project name for more information
::: Now Initializing the VFSMOD WWW Application :::
Now Loading....
...
...
...
Web-based VFSMOD
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
::: Runoff curve numbers for cultivated agricultural lands. :::
1) Enter CN value for your field:
or,
2) select below.
Select Cover Type
Fallow
Row crops
Small grain
Close-seeded
Broadcast legumes
Rotation meadow
Select Treatment
Select Hydro. Condition
HSG A
HSG B
HSG C
HSG D
Please wait
(From USDA-NRCS;210-VI-TR-55, 2nd Edition, June 1986, Table 2-2b)
::: :::
Your Project Name
- Project name
Press 'Enter'(Chrome/Safari) or click Here(IE)
- Project description
[Optional]
Option 1:
Option 2:
Option 3:
Option 4:
Output - Single Storm version
Output - Standard Design or Advanced Design
Core Engine:
UH Ver. 3.0.2 and VFSM Ver. 4.2.4
developed by
Prof. Rafael Munoz-Carpena
at UF
::: :::
Now initializing the VFSMOD Web App
Click on the map to get precipitation frequency info.
Mouse Move
Mouse Click
Marker
Storm Type selected...
Click on the map to get precipitation frequency info.
Storm Type I
Storm Type IA
Storm Type II
Storm Type III
Approximate geographic boundaries for SCS rainfall distributions (SCS, 1986)
::: Pesticide Common Name / Trade Name . :::
Pestcide Common Name
Pesticide Trade Name
(Pesticide database from the
WinAPEX
model DB was used)
Please enter a word or full name and wait for
a couple of seconds
KOC:
* % Organic Carbon:
=
KD:
Half-life:
Please wait
(Pesticide databases from WinAPEX model)
::: Pesticide degradation ---- :::
Select pesticide degradation rate formulation
EU-FOCUS
US-EPA
k(T)
k(Θ)
Total pesticide mass entering the filter per unit area of the source field
Pesticide Mass :
(mg/m
2
)
Surface mixing layer thickness
Mixing Layer :
(cm)
Daily air temperature and Top soil water content Θ (m
3
/m
3
)
Air temp. in
°C, or
°F
Storm:
From:
To:
NDGDAY:
Day
Air Temp.
Soil moisture
ABC
Field capacity of topsoil.
Field Capacity:
G
(m
3
/m
3
)
This VFSMODP Web system was developed with Collaboration between Kangwon National Univ. in Korean and University of Florida
::: STATSGO Soil Map for Soil Texture :::
Select:
::: Country/State :::
S. Korea
Florida, USA
Indiana, USA
Illinois, USA
Ohio, USA
Iowa, USA
Texas, USA
Louisiana, USA
Send me WMS code
Select Soil Texture
Clay
Silty clay
Sandy clay
Silty clay loam
Clay loam
Sandy clay loam
Silt
Silt loam
Loam
Very fine sandy loam
Fine sandy loam
Sandy loam
Coarse sandy loam
Loamy very fine sand
Loamy fine sandy
Loamy sand
Loamy coarse sand
Very fine sandy
Fine sand
Sand
Coarse sand
Selected Texture from Map:
(STATSGO data from ... )
